Abstract
Background and Aim
One of the most impacted regions by the pandemic globally, Latin America is facing socioeconomic and health-care challenges that can potentially affect disease outcomes. Recent data suggest that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients do not have an increased risk of the development of COVID-19 complications. However, the impact of COVID-19 on IBD patients living in least developed areas remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to describe the outcomes of IBD patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in countries from Latin America based on data from the SECURE-IBD registry.
Methods
Patients from Latin America enrolled in the SECURE-IBD registry were included. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. The studied outcomes were (i) a composite of need for intensive care unit admission, ventilator use, and/or death (primary outcome) and (ii) a composite of any hospitalization and/or death (secondary outcome). Multivariable regression was used to identify risk factors of severe COVID-19.
Results
During the study period, 230 cases (Crohn’s disease: n = 115, ulcerative colitis: n = 114, IBD-unclassified [IBD-U]: n = 1) were reported to the SECURE-IBD database from 13 different countries. Primary outcome was observed in 17 (7.4%) patients, and the case fatality rate was 1.7%. In the adjusted multivariable model, the use of systemic corticosteroids (odds ratio [OR] 10.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.44–34.99) was significantly associated with the primary outcome. Older age (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00–1.05), systemic corticosteroids (OR 9.33; 95% CI: 3.84–22.63), and the concomitant presence of one (OR 2.14; 95% CI: 0.89–5.15) or two (OR 10.67; 95% CI: 1.74–65.72) comorbidities were associated with the outcome of hospitalization or death.
Conclusion
Inflammatory bowel disease patients with COVID-19 in Latin America appear to have similar outcomes to the overall global data. Risk factors of severe COVID-19 are similar to prior reports.
